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Building a D-Star Compatible Hotspot

If you have an ICOM D-Star radio but are not near a D-Star repeater, a Hotspot allows your radio to access DPlus-connected DStar repeaters and reflectors. You can use any analog radio that has a 9600 data port, or gives access to the FM discriminator.  I put up the Hotspot because I already had a spare analog radio with Data port, as well as a spare laptop, so this option was incrementally less expensive than the popular DV Access Point or DVAP.  In addition, I set my analog radio to 5 watts, giving me somewhat more range than a 10 mw DVAP.  Finally, if I later decide to put up my own D-Star compatible repeater, I will have everything I need.  There are several hardware options available, and reports on the internet indicate they all are good choices.  I have had excellent results from the board I purchased from Mark Phillips G7LTT/NI2O.


Diagram by Mark McGregor, KB9KHM, and used by permission

Here is how I set up and configured my Mini Hotspot.  There's nothing new here -- it was all learned from the primary documentation available.  This just assembles what I did in one place in case I need to do the same thing again.  But I don't plan to keep this up to date as newer boards and firmware are announced.

I created a Simplex Hotspot with a Windows PC using the following components:

(Increasingly there are also choices for the PC software, some of which can run on Linux.  I chose DVAR Hot Spot since it is really easy to install and use, and it has all the functionality I need at this point.  I also tested it as a DStar-compatible repeater with two radios, and it worked perfectly.  But people building a non-ICOM repeater and wanting call routing with  full G2 compatibility should also check out G4ULF's software at http://g4ulf.blogspot.com.)

Here is all it takes to get the Hotspot up and running:

    Step 1 - registers the Hotspot on the DStar network.

 
    Step 2 - installs tools used to configure and test the hotspot board, and for Windows XP, a special USB driver that's needed.

    Step 3 - loads firmware onto the MHS board's computer chip.

 
    Step 4 - configures and tests the board using NAWinCFG and NAWinTEST.
 
    Step 5 - downloads the DVAR Hot Spot software, installs and configures it.

Step 1 - Registering the Hotspot on the D-Star network

Since it can take up to 24 hours for a callsign to propagate through the network, try to do this step before your board is ready for use.

  1. Registration is a two step process.  If you've never registered, read D-Star Self Registration Instructions and perform steps 1 through 6 of that document.  Go to the Registration page of the D-Star repeater closest to you.  Typically, if that repeater is KA6XXX, then it will have a DPlus Dashboard page (at http://ka6xxx.dstargateway.org/) with a link to its Registration page. When you receive the confirmation email, you can proceed.
  2. Log on using your callsign (upper case) and password.
  3. Click on the Personal Information tab (upper right of the main page).  Shown below this section is what my entry looks like after I completed the updates.
  4. You need one entry with a blank "Initial" column.  If you've registered with a gateway in the past, that will already be there. 

    If you've never registered, do the following steps:

    • Click the check-box on the left of the 1st line.
    • Enter a blank (press the space bar) in the Initial box.
    • Do NOT click the RPT box.
    • Enter your callsign in the pcname box.

    Next create a "terminal" to be used as your Gateway Auth Callsign when you configure DVAR in Step 5.  There is no standard, but many people use a node extension ("Initial" box on this update page) of "N" for simplex hotspots, or "R" for full duplex/repeater hotspots. 

    • Click on the check-box on the left of the next line.
    • Assuming simplex, enter an UPPER CASE "N" in the Initial column.
    • Do NOT click the RPT box.
    • Enter a unique pcname, for example <callsign>-dvar-s.

    Next, decide what you will use for the DVAR Node Callsign in Step 5. Since DV Dongles and DV Access Points currently can not connect to nodes unless their extension is A, B or C, you have a choice.  If you don't want them to connect to your Hotspot, then use the N or R terminals for your Node Callsign, and you don't need to create another terminal.  But if you want DVDs and DVAPs to connect, you need to create another terminal, as follows:

    • Click on the check-box on the left of the next line.
    • Enter an Extension letter in the Initial column in UPPER case -- A, B or C.
    • Do NOT click the RPT box.
    • Enter a unique pcname, for example <callsign>-hotspot.
  5. Click the Update button.
  6. Here is an example of having entered several terminals.  For simplex Hotspots, the "R" terminal isn't needed.

    It normally takes several hours up to 24 hours for these updates to propagate throughout the network.

Step 2 - Install USB driver and NATools

  1. The following is done on the computer the Hotspot board will be connected to and where the DVAR Hot Spot software will run.
  2. For Windows XP machines:
  3. Go to http://www.dutch-star.eu/software/
  4. Under Drivers and Tools, click on the latest version of NAtools for Windows (32-bit).  Save it to a folder of your choice (write the name down).  The saved file is a .exe file.
  5. Using My Computer or File Explorer, go to the above folder and double click on the .exe file (example: natools32-1.0.15.exe).
  6. Use the install wizard to install the tools.

Step 3 - Install firmware

  1. Go to http://www.dutch-star.eu, log on and purchase firmware
  2. Follow instructions.  When 2nd email is received, get the serial number and add that to the http://www.dutch-star.eu license page.
  3. Download the firmware to the folder where NATools is located, e.g. c:/Program Files/NATools/BIN (note: may be different for Vista and Windows 7 users)
  4. The firmware file will be called hsa-<callsign>.hex, e.g. hsa-K6JM.hex.
  5. The following jumper settings apply at least to the NQSMHS v.1.14 board:
  6. Plug in USB cable to connect MHS board to PC.  You will get the Found New Hardware Wizard.  Tell it to Install the Software Automatically.
  7. Update firmware.  PA4YBR's Construction & Reference Manual, chapter 5, has the best description on how to do this.  Briefly:
  8. Remove USB cable
  9. Remove SW2 jumper (best to store it connected to only one pin, in case you'll need it for future updates).

Step 4 - Run NAWinCFG and NAWinTEST to configure and test the board

  1. It's helpful to read the Dutch-Star Hot Spot manual, section 4.
  2. Configure
    1. Connect the MHS board to the radio with appropriate cable.
    2. Using USB cable, connect board to PC.  Depending on the version of your board, there may be a green LED lit indicating the board is powered up.
    3. Set the analog radio for simplex mode on an appropriate frequency.  Set power to lowest setting.
    4. Start NAWinCFG.
    5. If the program can find your board, it will display the version of firmware it is running.  If it can't, most likely there is a USB driver problem.  Check NATools documentation.  This is what the initial screen looks like with a MHS running PA4YBR's firmware:
    6. Click on Mode.  The following settings are suggested.  In particular, if COS Check is not enabled, then SoftCOS will be in effect (normally the best way of knowing when a valid DSTar signal is being received).  Also, since in Step 3 we configured the MHS board for version 5, RSSI Report can be checked here.
    7. Click Close
  3. Test
    1. Turn on your DStar radio.  Set to DV mode to same simplex frequency as the analog radio.
    2. Start NAWinTEST.  It should display the Firmware name, similar to the following:
    3. Click on RF Read.  Then click on Start.  Using your DStar radio, transmit a test message.  The RF Header section should display MyCall and YourCall.  Normally, RPT1 and 2 will show "DIRECT".  This is a feature of ICOM DStar radios in simplex mode.  The window will look like this:
    4. If the RF Header section is not filled in, you may have to try RX Invert in NAWinCFG. 
    5. If RF Header info is being received, the line after the occasional blank line should display in green most of the time.  Adjust the RX pot on the MHS board if the RF Header or the data after blank lines is not green.
    6. Click Stop, then Close.  Click Echo Test, then Start.  Transmit on your DStar radio.  When you stop transmitting, the NAWinTEST software will transmit your callsign, then a welcome message (defaults to PA4YBR's recorded message), followed by your just-recorded voice played back.  If the RF Header information, or the echo test does not sound correct, adjust the TX pot on the MHS board.
    7. When all is working, click Stop, then Close, then on the main window, click Close again.

Step 5 - Install and configure DVAR Hot Spot software

  1. If you want to allow other DVAR HotSpots or DV Dongles to link directly to your HotSpot, update your router/firewall so port 20001 UDP will allow incoming connections and port forward to the PC running DVAR Hot Spot.
  2. It's useful to have a copy of D-Star Hot Spot documentation from http://www.w9arp.com/hotspot/.
  3. Download the DVAR Hot Spot software from one of two places: 
    1. Log onto the Yahoo Group gmsk_dv_node and go to Files section.  Download the latest version from the D-STAR Hot Spot folder.
    2. Get it from PA4YBR's website at http://www.dutch-star.eu/software/.
  4. Install.
  5. Start DVAR Hot Spot.
  6. Select Edit/Settings Fill in Node Callsign, Band Module and Gateway Auth Callsign.  As noted in Step 1, if you want Dongles or other DVAR Hotspots to be able to connect, you should have registered a terminal with a node extension of A, B or C.  Use this for the Node Callsign's Band Module.  It's a good idea to use a Gateway Auth Callsign that accurately describes your configuration; one recommendation is to use node extension N for simplex Hotspots, or R for full duplex/repeater Hotspots (and you should have created a terminal with N or R in Step 1). As always for D-Star, the node extension goes into the 8th position, so use the proper number of spaces.

    For this configuration, ensure the following are checked:

  7. Click Save.
  8. If you want other DVAR Hotspots (and eventually DV Dongles and DVAPs) to be able to connect to your Hotspot, do the following:

First select Edit/Callsign Server.

Select "DUTCH*Star NLroot", then click Save. Then select Edit/Linking Settings.

Set Max Inbound Connections to something great than 0 and the other boxes as appropriate.  Click Save.

  1. Now click the Configure button.  This window lets you configure repeaters or reflectors you can have your DVAR Hot Spot connect to.  The drop-down listbox for Select Repeater should soon populate with DPlus-connectable repeaters and reflectors.  If this doesn't happen, your Gateway Auth Callsign (with A, B or C) may not be registered, or may not have yet populated throughout the network.  This can take up to 24 hours.

Typically you'll have your favorite repeater or reflector saved in Quick Tune Slot #1, and your Hotspot will automatically connect to that when you start up.  You'll also be able to unlink and link with standard DPlus commands from your DStar radio, but it is convenient to also be able to do those things from the PC.

  1. Save each one and create up to ten of these Quick Tune settings.  On the main window, test by clicking one of these and click Connect. This is what the Hot Spot looks like in normal operation.

This completes setup and configuration.  Enjoy!

Copyright © 2009-2010 James M. Moen. All rights reserved.