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Dstar-Hotspot
Building a D-Star Compatible Hotspot
If you have an ICOM D-Star radio
but are
not near a D-Star repeater, a Hotspot allows your radio to access
DPlus-connected DStar repeaters and reflectors. You can use any analog radio
that has a 9600 data port, or gives access to the FM discriminator. I put
up the Hotspot because I already had a spare analog radio with Data port, as
well as a spare laptop, so this option was incrementally less expensive than the
popular DV Access Point or DVAP. In addition, I set my analog radio to 5
watts, giving me somewhat more range than a 10 mw DVAP. Finally, if I
later decide to put up my own D-Star compatible repeater, I will have everything
I need. There are several hardware options available, and reports on the
internet indicate they all are good choices. I have had excellent results
from the board I purchased from Mark Phillips G7LTT/NI2O.

Diagram by Mark McGregor, KB9KHM, and used by permission
Here is how I set up and configured
my Mini Hotspot.
There's nothing new here -- it was all learned from the primary documentation
available. This just assembles what I did in one place in case I need to do the same thing again. But I don't plan to
keep this up to date as newer boards and firmware are announced.
I created a Simplex Hotspot with a Windows PC
using the following components:
- A Mini Hotspot board, or a
slightly different board
called a Node Adapter. I got one from Mark Phillips
G7LTT/NI2O, version 1.14. He calls his the "Not Quite So Mini Hotspot" or NQSMHS board. I
guess this version is a few millimeters larger than the first MHS board.
His web address is:
http://www.gmskhotspot.com --
note this board comes complete except there's no firmware in the main
computer chip. He offers both kits and fully built/tested boards.
- Firmware for the MHS
board. I purchased this from Fred Van Kempen PA4YBR at
http://www.dutch-star.eu.
- DVAR Hot Spot software from
Mark McGregor KB9KHM (version 2.50 as of this writing). You can get it from the Files Section of the gmsk_dv-node Yahoo Group. A copy is also kept on Fred's website at
http://www.dutch-star.eu/software/
-- the software manages the board and analog radio, and can connect through the
internet to DStar repeaters or reflectors. Normally it will be configured
for Simplex mode, but it does allow Repeater mode. It supports DPlus
linking to repeaters and reflectors.
(Increasingly there are also choices
for the PC software, some of which can run on Linux. I chose DVAR Hot
Spot since it is really easy to install and use, and it has all the
functionality I need at this point. I also tested it as a
DStar-compatible repeater with two radios, and it worked perfectly.
But people building a non-ICOM
repeater and wanting call routing with full G2 compatibility should also
check out G4ULF's software at
http://g4ulf.blogspot.com.)
- Cables. 1) You need a USB
cable, type A male to type B male. These are easy to find. I had
a spare in the closet. 2) 9-pin DSub Female to your radio's Data port.
For my first Hotspot, I purchased the "YaeComWood" cable when I bought the
board, but I have since made up my own. I bought a cheap 9-pin DSub
male to male cable and cut it in two. I then bought a cheap 6-pin mini
DIN (used by the Kenwood D700 data port) extension cable (female to male,
sold as a keyboard or mouse extension with "PS/2" connectors)
and cut that in two. Which wires to connect is documented in section
3.1 of Fred's
Construction and Reference Manual.
Here is
all it takes to get the Hotspot up and running:
Step 1 -
registers the Hotspot on the DStar network.
Step 2 - installs tools
used to configure and test the hotspot board, and for Windows XP, a
special USB driver that's needed.
Step 3 - loads firmware onto the MHS board's computer chip.
Step
4
- configures and tests the board using NAWinCFG and NAWinTEST.
Step
5 -
downloads the DVAR Hot Spot software, installs and configures it.
Step 1
- Registering the Hotspot on the D-Star network
Since it
can take up to 24 hours for a callsign to propagate through the network,
try to do this step before your board is ready for use.
-
Registration is a two step process. If you've never
registered, read
D-Star Self Registration Instructions
and perform steps 1 through 6 of that document. Go to the
Registration page of the D-Star repeater closest to you. Typically, if that repeater is
KA6XXX, then it will have a DPlus Dashboard page (at
http://ka6xxx.dstargateway.org/) with a link to its Registration
page.
When you receive the confirmation
email, you can proceed.
-
Log on using your callsign (upper case) and password.
- Click on the Personal Information tab (upper right of the main
page). Shown below this section is what my entry looks like
after I completed the updates.
-
You need one entry with a blank "Initial" column. If
you've registered with a gateway in the past, that will already
be there.
If you've never registered, do the following
steps:
-
Click the check-box on the
left of the 1st line.
-
Enter a blank (press the
space bar) in the Initial box.
-
Do NOT click the RPT box.
-
Enter your callsign
in the pcname box.
Next create a "terminal" to be used
as your Gateway Auth Callsign when you configure DVAR in
Step 5. There is no standard, but
many people use a node extension ("Initial" box on this update
page) of "N" for simplex hotspots, or "R" for full
duplex/repeater hotspots.
- Click on the check-box on the
left of the next line.
-
Assuming simplex, enter an UPPER CASE "N" in
the Initial column.
- Do NOT click the RPT box.
- Enter a unique pcname, for
example <callsign>-dvar-s.
Next, decide what you will use for
the DVAR Node Callsign in Step 5. Since DV Dongles and DV Access
Points currently can not connect to nodes unless their extension
is A, B or C, you have a choice. If you don't want them to
connect to your Hotspot, then use the N or R terminals for your
Node Callsign, and you don't need to create another terminal.
But if you want
DVDs and DVAPs to connect, you need to create another terminal,
as follows:
- Click on the check-box on the
left of the next line.
- Enter an Extension letter in
the Initial column in UPPER case -- A, B or C.
- Do NOT click the RPT box.
- Enter a unique pcname, for
example <callsign>-hotspot.
-
Click the Update button.
- Here is an example of having
entered several terminals. For simplex Hotspots, the "R"
terminal isn't needed.

It normally takes several hours up to 24 hours for these updates
to propagate throughout the network.
Step 2 - Install USB driver and
NATools
- The
following is done on the computer the Hotspot board will be connected to and
where the DVAR Hot Spot software will run.
- For
Windows XP machines:
- Go to
http://www.dutch-star.eu/software/
- Under Drivers and Tools, find "NOTE: If you are installing ...
on a Windows XP system, please also download this file..." Click
on the "this file" link and download the winusb.zip file to a folder
-
Double-click on the winusb.zip file and select Extract all files. Let
it extract to the default, which is a new winusb directory under where
the zip is located.
- Using
My Computer or File Explorer, copy the extracted file "winusb.dll" to
c:/Windows/System32
- Go to
http://www.dutch-star.eu/software/
- Under
Drivers and Tools, click on the latest version of NAtools for Windows
(32-bit). Save it to a folder of your choice (write the name down). The
saved file is a .exe file.
- Using My
Computer or File Explorer, go to the above folder and double click on the
.exe file (example: natools32-1.0.15.exe).
- Use the
install wizard to install the tools.
Step 3 -
Install firmware
- Go to
http://www.dutch-star.eu, log on and
purchase firmware
- Follow
instructions. When 2nd email is received, get the serial number and
add that to the http://www.dutch-star.eu
license page.
- Download
the firmware to the folder where NATools is located, e.g. c:/Program Files/NATools/BIN
(note: may be different for Vista and Windows 7 users)
- The
firmware file will be called hsa-<callsign>.hex, e.g. hsa-K6JM.hex.
- The
following jumper settings apply at least to the NQSMHS v.1.14 board:
- SW1
jumper on MHS board should be DOWN -- looking down at board with
connectors to right (USB powered).
- SW2
jumper should be ON or bridged to adjacent pin. (Temporary for
loading the firmware).
- SW3
should be ON or connected to adjacent pin (Version 5 mode).
- SW4
should be RIGHT (Version 5 mode).
- Plug in
USB cable to connect MHS board to PC. You will get the Found New
Hardware Wizard. Tell it to Install the Software Automatically.
- Update
firmware. PA4YBR's
Construction & Reference Manual, chapter 5, has the best description on
how to do this. Briefly:
- Start
NAWinCFG. Under the Tools menu, select Update Firmware.
- Click
Browse and select the .hex firmware file.
- On the
Update Firmware window, enable the "Update EEprom data" option --
this is normally done only the first time and is important.
- Click
Update. When done, the Status message should say "Update
Succeeded!". Click Close.
- Remove USB
cable
- Remove SW2
jumper (best to store it connected to only one pin, in case you'll need it
for future updates).
Step 4 - Run
NAWinCFG and NAWinTEST to
configure and test the board
- It's helpful to read the Dutch-Star Hot Spot manual, section 4.
- Configure
- Connect the MHS board to the radio with appropriate cable.
- Using USB cable, connect board to PC.
Depending on the version of your board, there may be a green LED lit
indicating the board is powered up.
- Set the analog radio for simplex mode on an appropriate frequency.
Set power to lowest setting.
- Start NAWinCFG.
- If the program can find your board, it will display the version of
firmware it is running. If it can't, most likely there is a USB
driver problem. Check NATools documentation. This is what
the initial screen looks like with a MHS running PA4YBR's firmware:

- Click on Mode. The following settings are suggested. In
particular, if COS Check is not enabled, then SoftCOS will be in effect
(normally the best way of knowing when a valid DSTar signal is being
received). Also, since in Step 3 we configured the MHS board for
version 5, RSSI Report can be checked here.

- Click Close
- Test
- Turn on your DStar radio. Set to DV mode to same simplex
frequency as the analog radio.
- Start NAWinTEST. It should display the Firmware name, similar
to the following:

- Click on RF Read. Then click on Start. Using your DStar
radio, transmit a test message. The RF Header section should
display MyCall and YourCall. Normally, RPT1 and 2 will show
"DIRECT". This is a feature of ICOM DStar radios in simplex mode.
The window will look like this:

- If the RF Header section is not filled in, you may have to try RX
Invert in NAWinCFG.
- If RF Header info is being received, the line after the occasional blank line should display in green
most of the time. Adjust the RX pot on the MHS board if the RF
Header or the data after blank lines is not green.
- Click Stop, then Close. Click Echo Test, then Start.
Transmit on your DStar radio. When you stop transmitting, the
NAWinTEST software will transmit your callsign, then a welcome message
(defaults to PA4YBR's recorded message), followed by your just-recorded
voice played back. If the RF Header information, or the echo test
does not sound correct, adjust the TX pot on the MHS board.

- When all is working, click Stop, then Close, then on the main
window, click Close again.
Step 5 -
Install and configure DVAR Hot Spot software
- If you
want to allow other DVAR HotSpots or DV Dongles to link directly to your
HotSpot, update your router/firewall so port 20001 UDP will allow
incoming connections and port forward to the PC running DVAR Hot Spot.
- It's
useful to have a copy of D-Star Hot Spot documentation from
http://www.w9arp.com/hotspot/.
- Download the DVAR Hot Spot software from one of two places:
- Log onto the Yahoo Group gmsk_dv_node and go to Files section.
Download the latest version from the D-STAR Hot Spot folder.
- Get it from PA4YBR's website at
http://www.dutch-star.eu/software/.
- Install.
- Start
DVAR Hot Spot.

- Select Edit/Settings.
Fill in Node Callsign, Band Module and
Gateway Auth Callsign. As noted in Step 1, if you want Dongles or
other DVAR Hotspots to be able to connect, you should have registered a
terminal with a node extension of A, B or C. Use this for the
Node Callsign's Band Module. It's a good idea to use a Gateway
Auth Callsign that accurately describes your configuration; one
recommendation is to use node extension N for simplex Hotspots, or R for
full duplex/repeater Hotspots (and you should have created a terminal with N
or R in Step 1). As always for
D-Star, the node extension goes into the 8th position, so use the proper
number of spaces.
For this configuration, ensure the
following are checked:
- Simplex Node
- Transmit Mode: Enable GMSK Node Adapter
- Receive Mode: GMSK Node Adapter
-
- Click
Save.
- If you
want other DVAR Hotspots (and eventually DV Dongles and DVAPs) to be able to
connect to your Hotspot, do the following:
- Make
sure to open up your firewall's port 20001 UDP to allow
incoming connections.
-
Configure DVAR's Callsign Server Settings window to select the alternate
callsign server.
- Set
Max Inbound Connections > 0 in Linking Settings.
First
select Edit/Callsign Server.

Select
"DUTCH*Star NLroot", then click Save. Then select Edit/Linking
Settings.

Set Max
Inbound Connections to something great than 0 and the other boxes as
appropriate. Click Save.
- Now click
the Configure button. This window lets you configure
repeaters or reflectors you can have your DVAR Hot Spot connect to.
The drop-down listbox for Select Repeater should soon populate with
DPlus-connectable repeaters and reflectors. If this doesn't
happen, your Gateway Auth Callsign (with A, B or C) may not be
registered, or may not have yet populated throughout the network.
This can take up to 24 hours.
Typically you'll have your favorite repeater or reflector saved in Quick
Tune Slot #1, and your Hotspot will automatically connect to that when
you start up. You'll also be able to unlink and link with standard
DPlus commands from your DStar radio, but it is convenient to also be
able to do those things from the PC.

- Save
each one and create up to ten of these Quick Tune settings. On the
main window, test by clicking one of these and click Connect. This is
what the Hot Spot looks like in normal operation.

This completes setup and configuration. Enjoy!
Copyright © 2009-2010 James M. Moen. All
rights reserved.